First African American Female Astronaut

 

Mae Carol Jemison is an American engineer, physician and former NASA astronaut. She became the first black woman to travel in space when she served as a mission specialist aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour.

 

Honors and awards

• 1988 Essence Science and Technology Award
• 1990 Gamma Sigma Sigma Woman of the Year
• 1991 McCall's 10 Outstanding Women for the 90s
• 1992 Johnson Publications Black Achievement Trailblazers Award
• 1992 Ebony Black Achievement Award
• 1993 National Women's Hall of Fame
• 1993 Ebony magazine 50 Most Influential women
• 1993 Kilby Science Award
• 1993 Montgomery Fellow, Dartmouth College
• 1993 People magazine's "50 Most Beautiful People in the World"
• 1993 Turner Trumpet Award
• 2002 listed among the 100 Greatest African Americans according to Molefi Kete Asante
• 2002 Texas Women's Hall of Fame inductee
• 2003 Intrepid Award by the National Organization for Girls
• 2004 International Space Hall of Fame
• 2005 The National Audubon Society, Rachel Carson Award
• 2017 Buzz Aldrin Space Pioneer Award

Jemison's work in the Peace Corps

 

 

Peace Corps

  Jemison's work in the Peace Corps included supervising the pharmacy, laboratory, medical staff as well as providing medical care, writing self-care manuals, and developing and implementing guidelines for health and safety issues.

 Jemison also worked with the Center for Disease Control (CDC) helping with research for various vaccines^.

 

Once while serving as a doctor for the Peace Corps, a volunteer became seriously ill, and a doctor diagnosed malaria.

 The volunteer's condition progressively worsened, and Jemison was sure it was meningitis with life-threatening complications that could not be treated in Sierra Leone.

 Jemison called for an Air Force hospital plane based in Germany for a military medical evacuation at a cost of $80,000.

 The embassy questioned whether Jemison had the authority to give such an order, but she told them she did not need anyone's permission for a medical decision.

By the time the plane reached Germany with Jemison and the volunteer on board, she had been up with the patient for 56 hours. The patient survived.

NASA astronaut

 

Dr. Mae Carol Jemison 

 (born October 17, 1956)

 is an American engineer, physician and NASA astronaut. She became the first black woman to travel in space when she served as an astronaut aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour.

 After graduating medical school and a brief general practice, Jemison served in the Peace Corps from 1985 until 1987.

 In 1987 her application to become an astronaut was accepted by NASA and on September 12, 1992 she was a mission specialist aboard STS-47.

 In 1993 she resigned from NASA and found a company researching the application of technology to daily life.

 She has appeared on television several times, including as an actress in an episode of Star Trek: The Next Generation. 

She is a dancer and holds nine honorary doctorates in science, engineering, letters, and the humanities. She is the current principal of the 100 Year Starship.

Dr. Mae Carol Jemison

Dr. Carol Mae Jemison Jemison in July 1992 Born Dr. Mae Carol Jemison October 17, 1956 (age 62) Decatur, Alabama, U.S

Status	Retired
Nationality	American
Occupation	Physician College professor
Space career
NASA Astronaut
Time in space	190 h 30 min 23 s
Selection	1987 NASA Group
Missions	STS-47
Mission insignia

Elijah McCoy

Elijah McCoy
Born	May 2, 1844 Colchester, Ontario, Canada[1]
Died	October 10, 1929 (aged 85) Detroit, Michigan, United States
Resting place	Detroit Memorial Park East in Warren, Michigan, U.S.
Nationality	Canadian
Education	Mechanical Engineering
Occupation	Engineer, inventor, initially employed as a railroad fireman and oiler
Employer	Mine Coaling
Known for	Inventions, particularly his Mechanical Lubricator
Spouse(s)	Ann Elizabeth Stewart; Mary Eleanor Delaney

Who Is The "Real McCoy?"

• 1966, an ad for Old Taylor bourbon cited Elijah McCoy with a photo and the expression "the real McCoy", ending with the tag line, "But the most famous legacy McCoy left his country was his name."

• 2006, Canadian playwright Andrew Moodie's The Real McCoy portrayed McCoy's life, the challenges he faced as an African American, and the development of his inventions. It was first produced in Toronto and has also been produced in the United States, for example in Saint Louis, Missouri, in 2011, where it was performed by the Black Rep Theatre.

How One Inventor Became A Household Name -------Elijah J. McCoy

 

Elijah J. McCoy

  (May 2, 1844 – October 10, 1929)

 was a Canadian born African American inventor and engineer who was notable for his 57 U.S. 

patents, most having to do with the lubrication of steam engines.

 Born free in Canada, he came to the United States as a young child when his family returned in 1847, becoming a U.S. resident and citizen.

Dr. Gladys Mae West -- Helped Developed the Global Positioning System

Gladys West
in 2018
Born	Gladys Mae Brown 1931 (age 87–88) Dinwiddie County, Virginia, U.S.
Education	Virginia State University (BA, MA) Virginia Tech (PhD)
Known for	satellite geodesy
Spouse(s)	Ira West (m. 1957)
Children	3

Speak Sweet Words ------ 9-9-18

 
  Proverbs 16:24

Let GOD have control of your tongue.
________________________________________
GOD cares about What you say, How you say it, When you say it, and Why you say it.
________________________________________


Proverbs  24:13  eat honey

Ex. 3:8

Duet. 8:7-9

Ex. 16:31

Isaiah  7:15

Luke  24:42


96 nutrients in Bee Pollen

Honeycomb contains  4 parts

1. Honey
2. Bee Pollen
3. Bee Propolis
4. Royal Jelly

 _____________________________________________________________

Words that Refresh the Soul

1. Authentic
2. Pleasant
3. Sweet

Obey GOD as HE is calling you to do something that is counter to our culture.

Psalms 19:14

 

Helped Developed the GPS Technoology------Dr. Gladys West

In 1986, West published "Data Processing System Specifications for the Geosat Satellite Radar Altimeter", a 51-page technical report from The Naval Surface Weapons Center (NSWC). 

The guide was published to explain how to increase the accuracy of the estimation of "geoid heights and vertical deflection", topics of satellite geodesy.

 This was achieved by processing the data created from the radio altimeter on the Geosat satellite which went into orbit on 12 March 1984.

 She worked at Dahlgren for 42 years, retiring in 1998.

Dr. Gladys Mae West ---- Helped Developed The GPS System

 

 

 Career

In 1956 West began to work at Naval Surface Warfare Center Dahlgren Division, where she was the second black woman ever to be employed.

 She participated in an astronomical study that proved, during the early 1960s, the regularity of Pluto’s motion relative to Neptune^.

 

Subsequently, West began to analyze data from satellites, putting together altimeter models of the Earth's shape. 

Her supervisor Ralph Neiman recommended her as project manager for the Seasat radar altimetry project, the first satellite that could remotely sense oceans.

 In 1979, Neiman recommended West for commendation. 

 West was a programmer in the Dahlgren Division for large-scale computers and a project manager for data-processing systems used in the analysis of satellite data^.

Dr. Gladys Mae West --- Helped Develped the GPS

Early life and education

West was born in Dinwiddie County, Virginia, to a farming family in a community of sharecroppers.

 After gaining a scholarship for achieving the first place in her high-school class, she studied mathematics at Virginia State College.

 After graduating she taught for around two years.

 Virginia State University (VSU), also known as Virginia State, is a historically black public land-grant university in Ettrick, Virginia.

 Founded on March 6, 1882, Virginia State developed as the United States's first fully state-supported four-year institution of higher learning for black Americans. 

The university is a member school of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund.

Gladys West, a Pioneer of GPS Technology

When West joined the Naval Surface Warfare Center in Virginia in 1956, she was one of just four black employees, two of whom were men. One of those men, Ira West, would later become her husband.

Early in her career, West contributed to an astronomical study that proved the regularity of Pluto's rotation relative to Neptune.

 From the mid-1970s through the 1980s, she programmed a computer to come up with a super-accurate model of the Earth, accounting for variations in the planet's shape caused by gravitational, tidal, and other forces. 

This model laid the groundwork for the Global Positioning System (GPS) that's ubiquitous in the military, smartphones, and cars today.

Mathematician Who Helped Invent the GPS

Gladys West, a Pioneer of GPS Technology, Receives One of the Air Force's Highest Honors 

 

 

Decades after she helped develop Global Positioning System (GPS) technology, 87-year-old Gladys West has received one of the Air Force space program's highest distinctions, First Coast News reports.

West was inducted into the Air Force Space and Missile Pioneers Hall of Fame at a ceremony at the Pentagon in Washington, D.C. earlier this month. 

The honor was given in recognition of the work she did as one of the agency's "human computers" in the era predating high-powered data processors.

Benjamin Banneker-----produced the Astronomical Observations Necessary to Create Washington D.C.

Biographers have stated that Banneker's duties on the survey consisted primarily of making astronomical observations at Jones Point in Alexandria, Virginia, to ascertain the location of the starting point for the survey.

 They have also stated that Banneker maintained a clock that he used to relate points on the ground to the positions of stars at specific times^.

Scientist and Inventor of the First Clock in America ----- Benjamin Banneker

After returning to Ellicott's Mills, Banneker made astronomical calculations that predicted eclipses and planetary conjunctions for inclusion in an ephemeris for the year of 1792.

 He placed the ephemeris and its subsequent revisions in a six-year series of almanacs that printers agreed to publish and sell.

 The almanacs, some of which appeared in several editions during the same year, were printed in at least six cities in four states: Baltimore; Philadelphia; Wilmington, Delaware; Alexandria, Virginia; Petersburg, Virginia; and Richmond, Virginia 

The title page of a Baltimore edition of Banneker's 1792 Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland and Virginia Almanack and Ephemeris stated that the publication contained: 



 

Benjamin Banneker 1731-1806

Survey of the original boundaries of the District of Columbia

Northeast No. 4 boundary marker stone of the original District of Columbia in Washington, D.C. and Prince George's County, Maryland (2005)

In February 1791, surveyor Major Andrew Ellicott (the son of Joseph Ellicott and cousin of George Ellicott), having left at the request of U.S. Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson a surveying team in western New York that he had been leading, hired Banneker as a replacement to assist in the initial survey of the boundaries of a new federal district.

 Formed from land along the Potomac River that the states of Maryland and Virginia ceded to the federal government of the United States in accordance with the 1790 federal Residence Act and later legislation, the territory that became the original District of Columbia was a square measuring 10 miles (16 km) on each side, totaling 100 square miles (260 km²) (see: Founding of Washington, D.C.)


 Ellicott's team placed boundary marker stones at or near every mile point along the borders of the new capital territory (see: Boundary Markers of the Original District of Columbia)

Mathematician------Benjamin Banneker

In 1753 at about the age of 21, Banneker completed a wooden clock that struck on the hour.

 He appears to have modeled his clock from a borrowed pocket watch by carving each piece to scale. 

The clock purportedly continued to work until his death.

Total solar eclipse (1999)

 

 

After his father died in 1759, Banneker lived with his mother and sisters.

 In 1768, he signed a Baltimore County petition to move the county seat from Joppa to Baltimore.

In 1772, brothers Andrew Ellicott, John Ellicott and Joseph Ellicott moved from Bucks County, Pennsylvania, and bought land along the Patapsco Falls near Banneker's farm on which to construct gristmills, around which the village of Ellicott's Mills (now Ellicott City) subsequently developed.

The Ellicotts were Quakers and shared the same views on racial equality as did many of their faith. Banneker studied the mills and became acquainted with their proprietors.

The Scientists: Benjamin Banneker

Benjamin Banneker 

 (November 9, 1731 – October 9, 1806) 

was a free African-American almanac author, surveyor, naturalist, and farmer. 

Born in Baltimore County, Maryland, to a free African-American woman and a former slave, Banneker had little formal education and was largely self-taught. 

He is known for being part of a group led by Major Andrew Ellicott that surveyed the original borders of the District of Columbia, the federal capital district of the United States. 

Banneker's knowledge of astronomy helped him author a commercially successful series of almanacs. 

He corresponded with Thomas Jefferson on the topics of slavery and racial equality, Jefferson having earlier drafted the United States Declaration of Independence. Abolitionists and advocates of racial equality promoted and praised Banneker's works.

Richard Spikes ----- An American Hero

Richard Spikes also kept working; in December 1932, Spikes received a patent for an automatic gear shift device based on automatic transmission for automobiles.

Although a capable musician—piano and violin—Richard Spikes learned to cut hair in his father's barber shop, and then became a public school teacher in Beaumont, Texas.

 On October 8, 1900 he married Lula Belle Charlton (1880-1970), daughter of Charles Napoleon Charlton, an ex-slave who co-founded the first public schools for African Americans in the city of Beaumont. 

 Richard and Lula would have one son, Richard Don Quixote Spikes (1902-1989).

William B. Purvis ----Inventor of the fountain pen

Birth: Aug. 12, 1838
Pennsylvania, USA
Passed Away: Aug. 10, 1914
Philadelphia
Philadelphia County
Pennsylvania, USA
Family links:
Parents:
Joseph Purvis (1811 - 1857)
Sarah Louisa Forten Purvis (1814 - 1884)

Directional Signals

Moving to San Francisco, California, Richard Spikes eventually received a patent pertaining to automobile directional signals, which he installed on a Pierce-Arrow car in 1913.

 However, contrary to many sources, Spikes was not the original inventor of this pivotal device, as Percy Douglas-Hamilton was awarded U.S. Patent 912,831 in 1906 for his creation of the first directional signals, six years before Spikes developed his version of the device.

 While he was working on his brake testing machine a few years later, the Oakland, California Police Department was interested enough to give it a tryout.

Spikes continued working as a barber, owning and operating shops in San Francisco, Fresno, California and Stockton, California until his eyesight began to fade due to the effects of glaucoma which affected other members of his family, including his brother John,  who received a patent for a "writing aid for the blind"—a paper holder, essentially a pad with a clip affixed to it in order to secure sheets of writing paper.

 Richard Spikes also kept working; in December 1932, Spikes received a patent for an automatic gear shift device based on automatic transmission for automobiles and other motor vehicles invented in 1904 by the Sturtevant brothers of Boston, Massachusetts.

Inventions By Richard Bowie Spikes

 

 

 

 

Inventions

Richard Spikes patented or developed the following inventions:

• U.S. Patent 928,813, Beer Tapper (1908)
• U.S. Patent 972,277, Billiard Cue Rack (1910)
• U.S. Patent 1,362,197, U.S. Patent 1,362,198 Continuous contact trolley pole (1919)
• U.S. Patent 1,441,383 Brake Testing Machine (1923)
• U.S. Patent 1,461,988 Pantograph (1923)
• U.S. Patent 1,590,557 Combination Milk Bottle Opener and Cover (1926)
• U.S. Patent 1,828,753 Methods and Apparatus of Obtaining Average Samples and Temperature of Tank Liquids (1932)
• U.S. Patent 1,889,814 Modifications to the automatic gear shift (1932)
• U.S. Patent 1,936,996 Transmission and shifting thereof (1933)
• U.S. Patent 2,517,936 Horizontally Swinging Barber's Chair (1950)
• U.S. Patent 3,015,522 Automatic Safety Brake System (1962)

Richard Bowie Spikes

Richard Bowie Spikes

  (October 2, 1878 - January 22, 1963)

  African-American inventor

 






   The holder of a number of United States patents, his inventions (or mechanical improvements on existing inventions) include a beer tap, automobile directional signals, the automatic gear shift device based on automatic transmission for automobiles and other motor vehicles and a safety braking system for trucks and buses.

640 n West St., Indianapolis, Indiana

“This is the greatest country under the sun,” said by Madam C. J. Walker

Walker made her fortune by developing and marketing a line of cosmetics and hair care products for black women through the business she founded, Madam C. J. Walker Manufacturing Company. 

Walker was also known for her philanthropy and activism. She made financial donations to numerous organizations and became a patron of the arts. Villa Lewaro, Walker's lavish estate in Irvington-on-Hudson, New York, served as a social gathering place for the African-American community. 

Her name, Madam C. J. Walker, came as a result of her marriage to Charles Joseph Walker.

Madam C. J. Walker Manufacturing Company in Indianapolis

 





In 1913, while Walker traveled to Central America and the Caribbean to expand her business, her daughter A’Lelia, moved into a fabulous new Harlem townhouse and Walker Salon, designed by black architect, Vertner Tandy.

“There is nothing to equal it,”

she wrote to her attorney, F.B. Ransom.

“Not even on Fifth Avenue.”

Walker herself moved to New York in 1916, leaving the day-to-day operations of the Madam C. J. Walker Manufacturing Company in Indianapolis to Ransom and Alice Kelly, her factory fore lady and a former school teacher. 

She continued to oversee the business and to work in the New York office. Once in Harlem, she quickly became involved in Harlem’s social and political life, taking special interest in the NAACP’s anti-lynching movement to which she contributed $5,000.

Madam Walker’s Wonderful Hair Grower

 

During the 1890s, Sarah began to suffer from a scalp ailment that caused her to lose most of her hair. 

She consulted her brothers for advice and also experimented with many homemade remedies and store-bought products, including those made by Annie Malone, another black woman entrepreneur.

 In 1905 Sarah moved to Denver as a sales agent for Malone, then married her third husband, Charles Joseph Walker, a St. Louis newspaperman.

 After changing her name to “Madam” C. J. Walker, she founded her own business and began selling Madam Walker’s Wonderful Hair Grower, a scalp conditioning and healing formula, which she claimed had been revealed to her in a dream. 

Madam Walker, by the way, did NOT invent the straightening comb or chemical perms, though many people incorrectly believe that to be true.

 

To promote her products, the new “Madam C.J. Walker” traveled for a year and a half on a dizzying crusade throughout the heavily black South and Southeast, selling her products door to door, demonstrating her scalp treatments in churches and lodges, and devising sales and marketing strategies.

 In 1908, she temporarily moved her base to Pittsburgh where she opened Lelia College to train Walker “hair culturists.”

By early 1910, she had settled in Indianapolis, then the nation’s largest inland manufacturing center, where she built a factory, hair and manicure salon and another training school.

 Less than a year after her arrival, Walker grabbed national headlines in the black press when she contributed $1,000 to the building fund of the “colored” YMCA in Indianapolis.

Madame C.J. Walker

The Legacy of Madame C.J. Walker

 

 

Madam CJ Walker represents all that is possible. Sarah Breedlove–who later would come to be known as Madam C. J. Walker–was born on December 23, 1867 on the same Delta, Louisiana plantation where her parents, Owen and Minerva Anderson Breedlove, had been enslaved before the end of the Civil War.  

This child of sharecroppers transformed herself from an uneducated farm laborer and laundress into one of the twentieth century’s most successful, self-made women entrepreneurs.

Orphaned at age seven, she often said,

“I got my start by giving myself a start.”

She and her older sister, Louvenia, survived by working in the cotton fields of Delta and nearby Vicksburg, Mississippi. At 14, she married Moses McWilliams to escape abuse from her cruel brother-in-law, Jesse Powell.

Her only daughter, Lelia (later known as A’Lelia Walker) was born on June 6, 1885. When her husband died two years later, she moved to St. Louis to join her four brothers who had established themselves as barbers. 

Working for as little as $1.50 a day, she managed to save enough money to educate her daughter in the city’s public schools. Friendships with other black women who were members of St. Paul A.M.E. Church and the National Association of Colored Women exposed her to a new way of viewing the world.

Sarah Breedlove

Madam C. J. Walker
Walker in 1903
Born	Sarah Breedlove December 23, 1867 Delta, Louisiana, United States
Died	May 25, 1919 (aged 51) Irvington-on-Hudson, New York, United States
Resting place	Woodlawn Cemetery (Bronx, New York)
Residence	Villa Lewaro, Irvington-on-Hudson, New York
Nationality	American
Occupation	Businessperson, hair care entrepreneur, philanthropist, and activist
Known for	Founder of Madam C. J. Walker Manufacturing Company
Net worth	$600,000[1]
Spouse(s)	Moses McWilliams (married 1882–1887) John Davis (married 1894–c. 1903) Charles Joseph Walker (married 1906–1912)
Children	A'Lelia Walker

https://www.mcjwbeautyculture.com

The Legacy of Madame C.J. Walker

Madam CJ Walker represents all that is possible. Sarah Breedlove–who later would come to be known as Madam C. J. Walker–was born on December 23, 1867 on the same Delta, Louisiana plantation where her parents, Owen and Minerva Anderson Breedlove, had been enslaved before the end of the Civil War.  This child of sharecroppers transformed herself from an uneducated farm laborer and laundress into one of the twentieth century’s most successful, self-made women entrepreneurs.

Orphaned at age seven, she often said,

“I got my start by giving myself a start.”

She and her older sister, Louvenia, survived by working in the cotton fields of Delta and nearby Vicksburg, Mississippi. At 14, she married Moses McWilliams to escape abuse from her cruel brother-in-law, Jesse Powell.

Her only daughter, Lelia (later known as A’Lelia Walker) was born on June 6, 1885. When her husband died two years later, she moved to St. Louis to join her four brothers who had established themselves as barbers. Working for as little as $1.50 a day, she managed to save enough money to educate her daughter in the city’s public schools. Friendships with other black women who were members of St. Paul A.M.E. Church and the National Association of Colored Women exposed her to a new way of viewing the world.

Madam Walker before and after using her shampoo and “Wonderful Hair Grower”

 

During the 1890s, Sarah began to suffer from a scalp ailment that caused her to lose most of her hair. She consulted her brothers for advice and also experimented with many homemade remedies and store-bought products, including those made by Annie Malone, another black woman entrepreneur. In 1905 Sarah moved to Denver as a sales agent for Malone, then married her third husband, Charles Joseph Walker, a St. Louis newspaperman. After changing her name to “Madam” C. J. Walker, she founded her own business and began selling Madam Walker’s Wonderful Hair Grower, a scalp conditioning and healing formula, which she claimed had been revealed to her in a dream. Madam Walker, by the way, did NOT invent the straightening comb or chemical perms, though many people incorrectly believe that to be true.

To promote her products, the new “Madam C.J. Walker” traveled for a year and a half on a dizzying crusade throughout the heavily black South and Southeast, selling her products door to door, demonstrating her scalp treatments in churches and lodges, and devising sales and marketing strategies. In 1908, she temporarily moved her base to Pittsburgh where she opened Lelia College to train Walker “hair culturists.”

By early 1910, she had settled in Indianapolis, then the nation’s largest inland manufacturing center, where she built a factory, hair and manicure salon and another training school. Less than a year after her arrival, Walker grabbed national headlines in the black press when she contributed $1,000 to the building fund of the “colored” YMCA in Indianapolis.

Madam Charles Joseph Walker (Madam CJ Walker)- First African American Female Self Made Millionaire

 

Sarah Breedlove

 (December 23, 1867 – May 25, 1919), known as Madam C. J. Walker,

 was an African American entrepreneur, philanthropist, and a political and social activist.
She is known as the first female self-made millionaire in America.
Madam Charles Joseph Walker was born near Delta, Louisiana. After suffering from a scalp ailment that resulted in her own hair loss, she invented a line of African-American hair care products in 1905.

Spouses: Charles Joseph Walker (m. 1906–1912),

Moses McWilliams (m. 1882–1887)

 

Children: A'Lelia Walker

 

“I am a woman who came from the cotton fields of the South. From there I was promoted to the washtub. From there I was promoted to the cook kitchen. And from there I promoted myself into the business of manufacturing hair goods and preparations….I have built my own factory on my own ground.”
Madam Walker
July 1912
For  Product Line visit

http://www.mcjwbeautyculture.com

The Walker legacy lives on through Madam C.J. Walker's original manufacturing company, which still exists and is doing business as Madame C.J. Walker Enterprises, Inc.
The company manufactures Madam C.J. Walker's original hair care products, and has expanded the original hair care line with new all natural Vegetable Shampoo and Conditioners.
free number is 866-552-2838.
Walker hair products are also available for purchase in the Indiana Historical Society's gift shop.